The Motorcycle Diaries (2004) Summary and Analysis

The Motorcycle Diaries (2004) Summary and AnalysisThe Motorcycle Diaries, enjoin by Walter S entirelyes traces an 8000-mile trip of two close friends, Ernesto Guevara de la Serna, who would become the iconic Marxist transitionary Che Guevara and his friend, Alberto Granado. As they travel from Argentina to Peru by motorcycle, truck, jackpot and foot looking for adventure, they gain a new perspective of the man that they never expected to garner.As Ernesto and Alberto cross of thousands of miles across Latin America, from unrivaled country to another, the borders between each country vanish and the continent itself surfaces as a whole, one entity united. Ernesto, toward the end of the movie, poignantly makes his birthday speech beforehand a toast, This journey has only confirmed this belief, that the course of study of America into dubious and illusory nations is a complete fiction. We are one single mestizo race from Mexico to the Magellan Straits.The extensive landscape sc enes show an immense geographical diversity, from arduous forests to snowy jams to arid deserts to thick jungle, from the wild to the rural to the urban. stock-still in each place, the two Argentinians feel connected to the people, to the land, and its history. On the journey, Che and Granado hear poverty and oppression constantly haunting all across Latin America and lend a helping hand to the oppressed. They realise that the in nicetys and scummy of poor and powerless Latin Americans are not confined by frontiers but that they almost characterise the continent as a whole.The boyish men who were initially looking forward to a trip undecomposed of adventure and romance find lines of indigenous people on the mountain roads, homeless in their own land. They meet a peasant touch who has been forced onto the road and lost many friends because of their communist beliefs. Che enrages at a copper mining companys maltreatment of the workers who must beg for work in the brutal mines. During their visit to the ruins of the once splendid Inca city of Machu Picchu, the two comrades sorrowfully compare it to the vast slums of Lima in Peru established by the conquerors. composition Granado dreams of a peaceful return to the glories of the past, Che muses on the power of guns and on how a civilisation of such magnificence and beauty could have been destroyed by the creators of such a polluted, decayed city of Lima and blurts out, A revolution without guns? It will never work.As the journey continues, Ernestos connection to people in need grows more and more tangible throughout the film. In Peru where Che and Granado inform for three weeks at the San Pablo leper colony, refuses to wear rubber gloves during his visit choosing instead to shake off bare hands with startled leper inmates. There, Guevara sees both physically and metaphorically the division of society the staff live on the north side of a river, separated from the lepers living on the south. At the end of the journey and afterwards his stay at the leper colony, Ches egalitarian, anti-authority beliefs grow in him and, at his birthday toast, puts more than emphasis on a united Latin American identicalness that transcends the narrow-minded provincialism and the limited boundaries of nation and race. That night, Che makes his symbolic final journey when despite his asthma, he swims across the river that splits the two societies of the leper colony, spends the night in a leper shack, instead of in the cabins of the doctors. It symbolises his adamant and fierce desire to bring justice and equality to the oppressed, to the society and to Latin America.These encounters with social injustice transform the look Guevara sees the world and allegedly motivates his later political activities as a revolutionary. And in that location is an urgent question posing itself before Che on which side of the river is he going to spend all his life? Which side of the tracks? Che is challenged by all that he has seen. By the end of the journey, Che has undergone a conversion. I think of things in different ways, something has changed in me. The testimonies of the many downtrodden South Americans that he has encountered have exalt Che to begin his search for this solution.

Proton Utilized Its Technology Marketing Essay

Proton Utilized Its Technology merchandising EssayProton Holding Berhad or salutary cognize as Proton, a Malay acronym of Perusahaan Otomobil Nasional is the first Malaysian railcar shaper which has headquartered at Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Proton is founded below idea of former Malaysia Prime Minister, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamed in 1983 to manufacture, assemble and sell automobile vehicles and related fruits such as sp ar parts, accessories and other components. After two years of incorporated, Proton has levyd its and Malaysias first car, the Proton Saga with technology and parts assistant of its shareholders cum practiced assistant partner and supplier, Mitsubishi Corporation and Mitsubishi Motors Corporation and has been launched by Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamed by 9th July 1985.Just some three and half years after launch of Proton Saga, it has achieved 100,000 units produced in January of 1989 and by 1988, Proton has successfully grabbed 73 percent of passenger car mar ketplace in Malaysia. Beside Malaysia market, Proton Saga is the first sticker of Proton to enter international market such as United Kingdom. With technology support from Mitsubishi, Proton continued to develop new perplexs for some(prenominal) local and oversea markets. After this successful of Proton Saga, Proton launched second car named Proton Wira which ground on Mitsubishi Lancer platform and technology during 1993. Between 1996 and 1998, more than 220,000 units of Proton Wira were sold. The third model which relied on Mitsubishi technology is Proton Perdana that based on Mitsubishi Eterna was launched during 1995 for higher end market. The bordering Protons car which relied on Mitsubishi technology and platform is Proton Waja or as known as Proton Impian in UK which launched during 2001 and it is first car was designed internally by Proton itself.After the acquisition of Lotus, a United Kingdom car manufacturer in 1996. Proton utilized its technology and engineering i n helping it develops some(prenominal) new models to replace its old models. In 2004, with technology and engineering of Lotus, Proton essential its own engine called Campro which using by its first substitute model called Proton Gen-2. In 2007, Proton comes out with second replacement model called Proton Persona, a saloon model of Proton Gen-2 which both to replace Proton Wira. By 18 January 2008, after more than 20 years of Proton Saga universe launched, Proton launched its replacement model of Proton Saga. By 2010, Proton formerly again has entered into talks with Mitsubishi Motors which is going successfully and led to another replacement model being produced, Proton Inspira which based on platform and technology from Mitsubishi current generation Lancer is replacement model for Proton Waja.The common strategy which applied into major(ip)(ip) modern businesses today is the selling mix as known as 4Ps is contains four major groups, output, price, place and promotion. Kot ler P., Armstrong G., Saunders J. Wong V. (1999) defined marketing mix as a note of controll fitting tactical marketing tools that the tight blends to produce the response it wants in the target market. It helps the firm to influence its targeted markets consumer purchasing carriage which leads to achieve its marketing objectives. Consumer buying mien is defined by Schiffman, K. and Wisenblit (2010), as a the processes and behavioral that consumer display in search, select, purchase, use, evaluate, secure and dispose of products and serve that suffice their gratification corresponding to their expectation. According to Kotler P. (2002), a consumers buying behavior is influenced by cultural, social, personal and psychological cyphers. While consumer in buying purpose making, there are some factors affecting them. Its vital for a firm to understand the factors that influencing the consumer purchasing decisions in order to in effect(p)ly utilize the marketing mix tools as con sumer stimuli and lead to marketing objectives achieve.In SPR (Stimulus, Process, Response) model by Svend H. (2010) (refer appendix A), marketing mix is one of the important elements in pelt along consumer buying behavior. In Proton, the marketing mix has been adopted as some of the businesses in the world did. Proton has been adopting Mitsubishi and Lotus technology in producing and including in its products as a part of product strategy to improve consumer confidence toward Protons products. In price strategy, Proton offering affordable price for mid-low income level consumer which lead to major sales of Protons products, for example, Proton Saga. Proton is selling its products locally and globally. For both targeted market, showrooms and service centrals take over been set up at main cities for conveniences of consumers to obtain Protons products and services after sales. Especially for local market, large number of showrooms and service centrals has been set up in cities and towns of each state. In promotion strategies, there is numerous methods by Proton to promote its products such as showrooms sales person, mainstream media advertising, outdoor promotion events, profit advertising, participating in world class motorsport and so on.1.2 Problems StatementsAccording to the contract made by Ministry of International Trade and Industry in twenty-third AFTA Council Meeting, in order to promote greater economic efficiency, productivity and agonisticness, Malaysia lead be a complete free trade area effective from 1st January 2010, with the expulsion of duties on over 2,000 tariff lines (Choy J.Y and Ng C.S (2011) cited Palaniappan (2009)). The elimination of the trade barriers give significantly increase the competitiveness of Malaysia automotive manufacturing as the price of import cars from ASEAN Free Trade Area, AFTA member countries go out be significantly decrease as well. Other than the challenges brought by the practicable import car price c ut down, the emerging of China and India automotive manufacturer yet possibly double the challenges in Malaysia auto market. This will be great challenges toward automotive manufacturers and dealers in Malaysia especially local manufacturers. Thus, local car manufacturer or dealer in Malaysia must have sufficient preparations to brass section the upcoming challenges.Although Proton has granted with returning of Mitsubishi technology in developing new replacement models in order to increase its competitive advantages to face rising challenges within Malaysia automotive industry. However, it is crucial for Proton to understand what are the factors that affecting consumer buying behavior while purchasing Proton car. Its important for Proton to govern is its product factors are competitive enough to compete in upcoming challenging domestic auto market, Is the car price of the Proton is main factor? Is the grapheme of Proton car is main factor?1.3 Research QuestionsDoes the performa nce of the Protons product is the main factor that affecting consumer buying decision?Does the price of the Protons product is the main factor that affecting consumer buying decision?Does the after purchased riskiness of the Proton car is the main factor that affecting consumer buying decision?Does the quality of the Protons product is the main factor that affecting consumer buying decision?1.4 inquiry ObjectivesThe main objective of the research is to psychoanalyse the factors affecting purchasing decisions toward Proton a la mode(p) product. Specifically objectivesTo mildew the tie between product performance and buying decision.To determine the association between product price and buying decision.To determine the association between product risk and buying decision.To determine the association between product quality and buying decision.1.5 Research SignificancesThis research is being conducted in order to provide an understanding to local car manufacturer, Proton astir(pre dicate) the consumer buying behavior which is one of the key elements in Proton marketing strategies. Its very crucial for Proton to take this understanding into account as it helps to understand bring out factors affecting consumer buying decisions and this also will helps Proton to examine if their current strategies which conjunction with Mitsubishi in developing new car model is working well in attracting consumer. The determination of the factors which affecting the consumer purchasing decision in this study also will help Proton to develop best strategies in future competitive environments especially the implementation of AFTA policy. Other than this, through this study, Proton would able to let out its products attracting which types of consumer in making purchase. By knowing its consumer, Proton will be able offer the best product that market want and need. Its important for Proton to face the future challenges in Malaysia automotive industry. Other than Proton itself, t his study would be reusable information for marketing researcher, student in their future research astir(predicate) consumer behavior on purchasing automotive products or automotive market related study.

Abolition Of Death Penalty In India

Abolition Of Death Penalty In IndiaMahatma Gandhi, who preached non-violence and through the same was booming in attaining independence for colonial India, said the above lines. Eye for an affection refers to vengeance which contrasts the Gandhian ideology of non-violence.In contrast, India has decided to retain the most beastly habitus of penalisation remnant punishment, which has been abolished by 131 some new(prenominal) countries. Tracing the fib of abolishment of conclusion penalization in India, it dates back to 27th January1931, when this thin was brought ab come on in the legislative assembly headed by Shri Gaya Prasad Singh.2Death penalty is one of the oldest take a craps of punishment, even though the method of execution has evolved over the years. This form of punishment has been prescribed to a lower inject the Indian Penal Code, 1860 which introduced the preliminary concepts of vicious lawfulness in India. To a layman, termination penalty is awarded for offences like make section 302 of IPC. The most recent execution had been that of DhananjoyChatterjee, whose suit of clothes has been examined in expatiate in our paper. This paper depart study the recent trends of abolition of last penalty and evaluate Indias stand on the same. After this, various facts get out be discussed to worst the stairsstand the meaning and image of the term r arfiedst of r be. Our main cutting in discussion is that of DhananjoyChatterjee, who was awarded wipeout penalty. This case will bring out the restrictive adaptation of high-mindedst of uncommon term. To sum up, the purpose of our paper is to designate forrader the arguments in favour of abolition of ending penalty.RECENT TRENDS OF ABOLOTION OF destruction PENALTYBan Ki-Moon, Secretary General of UN, in 2007 said, I grapple the growing trend in inter internal law and in national practice towards a phasing out of the demise penalty.3There has been a universal concern regarding the abolition of death penalty. The UN General lying made the rootage instance towards any such(prenominal) abolition in 1948 by adopting habitual Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). They strongly advocated the concept of right(a) to disembodied spirit. Article 3 and 5 of UDHR cater to the inhumane or degrading treatment or punishment. Article 6 states that no one should be deprived of bearing and the countries, which are still practicing death penalty, excoriate must be given for the most serious nuisance in accordance with the law. India too claims to spend a penny retained death penalty on the establish that it will be awarded tho in the rarest of rare cases and for special reasons.4Amnesty International depicts mention that a total of 131 countries have abolished death penalty. While 66 other countries have chosen to retain this form of punishment but the sum up of countries actu ally executing the punishment is in the minority.5In 2007, the UN General Assembly ap proved a resolution, which called all the states to establish a ban on execution with the purpose of abolishing the death penalty. This further strengthens the movement against this form of punishment. xlviii countries including India opposed countries that voted in favor of it. In light of the above tuition India must realize the importance of abolishing death penalty in sight to keep up with the rest of the world. It must be kept in mind that Indias stand in retaining death penalty is contrary to the transnational trend but it always seeks for justifiable ground to award such punishments.DHANANJOY CHATTERJEE Alias DHANA v. STATE OF WEST BENGALIn the present case, DhananjoyChatterjee, the accuse, impaird and bump off a 18 year old school going girl. The special Session judge found him guilty and convicted the charge (i) for an offence downstairs Section 302 IPC and sentenced him to death, (ii) for an offence under Section 376 IPC and sentenced him to imprisonment for life, and (iii) for the offence under Section 380 IPC, he was sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for five year. The gamy court confirm the death sentence afterwards which the appeal was filed, and the self-governing Court confirmed death sentence again. evaluator AS Ananad examined the case in the light of the circumstantial evidence since there were no eyewitnesses and confirmed death penalty. He categorized this case under the rarest of rare cases disceptation that it was a cold blooded pre-planned brutal pip, without any provocation, after committing rape on an innocent and defenseless young girl of 18 years. He further says that such a case deserves no other punishment than chapiter punishment.India has witnessed various heinous iniquitys but the biggest problem faced by the courts is whether to categorize a particular murder under the rarest of rare cases. though the term rarest of rare is complicated to define, but the Supreme Court in Bachhan Singhs explained what c onstitutes rarest of rare. The Supreme Court discussed the circumstances of such cases. These circumstances include that the murder act should be extremely brutal, grotesque, diabolical, revolting or dastardly way of life so as to arouse intense and extreme indignation of the community, it should be for a motive which evinces total depravity and meanness, murder of a schedule cast or scheduled tribe- arousing social wrath ( non for mortalal reasons), bride burn down/ dowry death, murderer in a dominating position, position of imprecate or in course of betrayal of the motherland, where it is enormous in harmonize or when the victim is an innocent child, helpless woman, old/infirm person, human race figure generally loved and respected by the community.In Panchhi v verbalize of Uttar Pradesh, one of the primal cases which stated that barbarism is non the only component part that determines whether the case will fall under the rarest of rare menage and thereby, life impri sonment muckle be a better replacement rather than commuting death sentence. The court opined-No doubt brutality looms large in the murders in this case particularly of the old and besides the tender age child. It may be that the manner in which a murder was perpetrated may be a ground but not the sole measurement for judging whether the case is one of the rarest of rare cases as indicated in Bachan Singhs case.6In State of Maharashtra v Bharat Fakir Dhiwar, even though the accused was held guilty of murder and rape, but the High court weak the accused. Furthermore, the Supreme Court refused to take strong stand on death penalty and awarded life imprisonment. Instead, the accused was awarded with life imprisonment. The facts of the cases are, prima facie, diabolical that the lesser option was to give life imprisonment instead of death sentence.EdigaAnamma v. State of Andhra Pradesh is another landmark judgment which involves death penalty awarded to female criminals. Justice K rishna Iyer on the basis of certain(p) factors like gender, socio economic background, and age, psychic converse the punishment from death sentence to life imprisonment. It was laid down that enchantment evaluating the death penalty, the crime committed should not be the sole criterion for determining the crime but various other factors should too be taken into account.The case of SwamyShraddananda and MuraliManohar Mishra v. State of Karnataka is another case which depicts restricted interpretation of rarest of the rare category. Life imprisonment usually of 14 years was wide for the remaining life of the accused. This was the first time that a court act to award life imprisonment by altering the period of punishment.In Santosh Kumar SatishBhushanBariyarvs State of Maharashtra, the accused with three others lured the victim to a particular place with the purpose of confining his movement to ask for ransom. They threatened to kill him if the family did not pay the ransom. Event ually they killed the victim and cut his body into pieces to dispose of at different places. Along with Bariyar, the other accused were also arrested and charged under S.302 and S.364B read with S.120B of the IPC. Bariyar was awarded death sentence which was upheld by the high court stating that Bariyar was the wiz of the act. However, the Supreme Court refused to award death penalty based on the reasoning that the circumstances were not sufficient enough to constitute rarest of the rare case. The court further supported the judgment by saying that the accused were not professional killers, without any criminal history, but the motive of collecting the money had lead them commit the crime. They relied on the theories of punishment and believe that the Bariyar could be reformed and rehabilitated and hence awarded him rigorous life imprisonment. This is a landmark case which is a step closer to the abolition of death penalty in India, hence was well received by the abolitionists.7In other run-in it restricted the scope of rarest of the rare cases. From the facts it can be gauged that the crime committed was extremely grotesque yet the punishment awarded was not in proportion. base on the landmark cases and the work done by B.B Pande on capital punishment, well be examining the legal perspectives in support of abolition of death penalty in India. The arguments made in favour of the abolition can be discussed in a thematical framework. In Rajendra Prasad v State of U.P, certain fundamental issues relating to law haveRight to life is the fundamental right as laid down in the constitution. This theme plays an important mathematical function in the debate against death penalty. The constitutional arguments as raised by Justice Krishna Iyer in Rajendra Prasad v State of U.P will be fall an abolitionists perspective. The points raised by Justice Iyer are 1) the deprivation of life under our system is too fundamental to be permitted save on the gravest ground and un der the strictest scrutiny if Justice, Dignity, Fair Procedure are creed ally constitutional8. 2) The right to life and to fundamental freedom is deprived when he (accused) is hanged to death, is self-worth is defiled when his neck is noosed and strangled.93) The judge who sits to decide between death penalty and life sentence must ask himself Is it reasonably needful to extinguish his freedom of speech of assembly and association of free-movement, by move out finally the very flame of life?10he goes into the remembrance of the judge deciding the death penalty and is it reasonable to extinguish to all flame of life out of the accused.114) you cannot be unusually cruel for that spells whimsey and violates Article 14.125) Through this he is trying to bring to notice that this form of punishment violates article (14) which talk about equality before law such punishments are also in violation of the Preamble which speaks of dignity of the individual.135) you cannot inflict degradi ng punishment since the precede speaks of the dignity of the individual. 6) Social Justice, which the preamble and Article 38 highlight as paramount in the governing of the country, also has a role to mould the sentence.14Through these arguments put forward by Justice Iyer clearly indicates him to be a believer of abolition of death penalty. Through the issues he wants to highlight the basic rights, one of them organism Right to Life which is violated on execution of death penalty. In his argument, he highlights that the death penalty deprives the criminal from right to life and questions if the crime committed is so grave that a constitutional right ineluctably to be compromised on? In contrary, all other fundamental rights are given equal importance in India. Such degrading punishments vanquish the purpose of Article (14) which talks about equality before law. In other words, this form of punishment can be said to be unconstitutional.Justice Iyer points out to the absence of p roper guidelines and standards in accolade life imprisonment or death sentence in Section. 302 of IPC. This in forge gives over- wide power in matters of life and death. Sections. 303 and 307 prescribe death penalty as the only form of punishment. Section.302 prescribes only one substitute(a) to death penalty i.e. life imprisonment. The basic problem arising here is that the only alternative to death penalty is life imprisonment. So, the question of when and which punishment is left at the discretion of the judges. Another matter complexing the situation is that the punishments under IPC are limited. Therefore, the scope of awarding punishments in brutal and diabolical cases is restricted because of the sections enacted under IPC.Among the dominant theory of punishments, one of the important factors of death penalty is deterrence. This element of death penalty is given a lot of importance because it has been presumed by the courts that will deter crimes to be committed in the fu ture. This theory is supported by Justice Sen, who argued that the deterrence is generally held to be the most important, although the continuing public demand for retribution cannot be ignored.15It is still believed that through death penalty deterrence can be the factor that refrain a person from committing a crime. However, the statistics shows that this impression about deterrence is proved to be wrong. jibe to the Indian Crime Report of 2007 which states disturbing figures, 19,89,673 are crimes partaked to IPC.16It also shows that the IPC crime rate in 2007 was 175.1 whereas in 2006 it was 167.7.17These figures clearly contradict the presumptions taken by the courts on deterrence. Thus, it is also stated in the 35th report produced in 1967 the Law Commission took the view that capital punishment acted as a deterrent to crime.18A deeper study of the implications of death penalty gives us a social aspect of this punishment which is not evident otherwise. In this perspective we can observe that the death penalty affects the brusque and the helples that are to be fostered by the law. The profound role of the law is to protect the people and society by laying down rules for the proper justice. However, the figure out and the practices implemented till now have been biased specially towards the poor and the helpless. The social inequalities are highlighted through the judgments given in different cases. In DayanidhiBisoi v State of Orissa, the accused was working as a drudge which indicates about its weak economic background. Thus, this element is betokening of the wrong judgment execute by the courts.According to the cases stated above, it is evident that the rarest of rare term has been taken in a restrictive manner. Even after the guildines laid down by the court in the Bachhan Singh case, the judicial discretion has played an important role in defining the rarest of rare cases. For every offence where death penalty is awarded, the court looks at vari ous aspects of the offence to decide whether it is rare enough to award death penalty. In Rajendra Prasad case, the court defined the parameters for awarding death penalty. It was further stated that the death penalty must relate to the criminal and not with the crime. In Bariyar case, brutality was not the only factor for determining death sentence for the accused, the court emphasized on the other aspects like the professional background of the accused as well as his criminal history. In EdigaAnamma case, the female criminals socio-economic background was looked into. Therefore, it can be confidently said that inspite of many death penalties awarded no clear standard has evolved to clear the stand of the courts on rarest of rare term. This gives rise to erroneous judgments which in the olden have taken place in almost seven cases convicting xiii criminals and awarding them death penalty. Coming to the DhananjoyChatterjees case, in light of the above arguments, the crime or the c riminal clearly does not come under the rarest of rare cases. There is a thin line between the rarest of rare and median(a) case but again its judicial discretion that plays the deciding factor. endingVarious arguments have been made in favor of the abolition of death penalty. The purpose of this paper is to bring together the analysis from the landmark cases to educe what constitutes rarest of rare. The judgment in Bariyar can be considered as a significant one because it gave importance to the reformatory and rehabilitation scheme. The court said that the criminal prosecution has to first prove that the case belong to the rarest of the rare category after which they also have to provide evidence as to why accused was not fit for any kind of reformation. After which, the death sentence could be awarded. It is important for a developing nation like ours to check over up to the international standards and do away with the forms of punishment that hinder its progress.We accept tha t India works towards complete abolition of death penalty

Market Entry Strategies of Wal-Mart

Market Entry Strategies of Wal-MartFounded in the form 1962, by surface-to-air missile Walton, Wal-Mart was a single discount introduce in Rogers situated in the state of Arkansas. Then the developing of the Wal-Mart train of stores has been tremendous. Initially the chain consisted of 9 stores amounting to a issue forth sale of 1.4 million US dollars and the growth b pitiable up with a all overall sale of 118 matchless thousand million US dollars in the stratum 1998 and the sum up of stores amounted to over 2,316 stores. The keep familiarity excessively includes discount stores, w behouse outlets oblation deep discounts, the full-length sale club, su shareers of Wal-Mart. The success story of Wal-Mart is unique in the history of retailing and this success could greatly be attributed to the dynamic leadershipership of Sam Walton. Its innings in the inter kingdomal bena started when the friendship inaugurated a store in Mexico in the year 1991. Then the internatio nal chain unbroken on expanding to some nations like Argentina, Canada, Germany, South Korea and Brazil. By the year 1998 the number of international stores of Wal-Mart alone amounted to over 600 and these stores generated a r sluiceue of over 7.5 one million million dollars (Wal-Mart yearly report, 2008). The lines of merchandise of Wal-Mart is inclusive of electronics for consumers, goods link up to sports, house w atomic number 18s, items for the lawn and the kitchen, apparels, paints, hardwares, items for repairing the automotives and their guardianship, games, grocery, toys, fashion items for homes, goods related to otherwise types of maintenance defendivities. In the region of the United states, the confederation plays an beta role in the generation of jobs and the number of jobs created by the alliance amounts to over 800, 000. Apart from this the caller-out is excessively involved in the supporting of many types of manufacturing jobs in the US and this is being facilitated through the campaign called America stolon (Wal-Mart Annual report, 2008).International presence of Wal-MartThe participation is involved in the helping of over 179 million the great unwashed in one year and it also possesses over 2 million associates all over the world. The number of stores feature by Wal-Mart numbers to over 7, 343 and its Sams Clubs are also stick in over 14 marts. then it is not surprising that it is the biggest retailer in the hale of United States. From the year 2002 the smart set has been topping the list of chance 500 list and in the year 2006 it was pushed to the second place, next alone to Exxon- Mobil due the rise in the price of oil in that year. In the year 2008, the annual revenue generated by Wal-Mart was over 378 billion dollars (Wal-Mart Annual report, 2008). at that placefrom the company continues to be successful in many nations exploiting the adult male re initiations as well as the other resources in the nations. Its ide a is to take advantage on the schema set by the company for global expansions and the present targets of Wal-Mart are the big nations with huge human resources like Russia and India (Newsweek, 2007).There are forget me drug of strategies employed by the company and it has had a huge involve on the local culture of the retail in e rattling nation it has occupied so far. The major(ip) strategies that are utilise by the company before it ventures into another company are as followsEstablishment of confederation with the organisations and business that are present locallyWorking in obstruct association with that of the governments of the states and nationsTrying to exploit the flourishing purchasing power of the people in the pose class (Newsweek, 2007)Strategies for global expansionThe strategy used by Wal-Mart at the multinational train is being modified in such a agency that it becomes the transnational strategy and the key aspects of this strategy includes response at the national level, operations at the international level and also taking lessons from the operations that are being conducted on a global racing shell. The aim of the company in following such an tone-beginning is that it should become the best choice for goods that are low cost in the United States as well as the whole world (Fishman, 2006). As the company is basically a retail company it stresses on the impression of orientation of the consumers by acquisition as well as scattering of goods at a low cost and at the same quantify facilitating learning on a global graduated table by the offset of decentralisation, tackling competition over the b smart sets and by sharing its acquired knowledge. But still in the global business arena, the company is relatively new and on its dash to become a leading player. The stress placed by the company on the concept of national response has to an extent, brought about reductions in the operating(a)(a) efficiency of the company because it w as not able to accomplish economy of scale which is enjoyed by the customers when it comes to the intersection points that are standardised.The company is involved in the formulation of blueprints for the repugnrs when it comes to the strategies which they are supposed to follow (Coleman, 1999).According to the needs as well as the culture of the people in that location is a high level of version and the company has its location which is proximal to its market. The company also shows a accord of sensitivity when it comes to individual needs of every nation and also responds in an appropriate manner to these needs. There is also close contact and co-operative workings shown by the company with the respective government so that every conventionalism or legislation that has been passed by the government could also be interpreted into account while designing the strategies. The company is also involved in a assign of community works by provision of sponsors for the bookman comm unity and contributes its share to the welfare of the people in the nations where it has its operations.Success factors of Wal-Mart for each one of the stores operated by Wal-Mart is from that of the product being stocked by the company which would chance upon towards the equipment at the front end and this would go a long focusing in helping checkouts in a rapid manner with the doctrine set by the company in place- provision of goods at low prices every daytime and at the same time providing customer run that are of top quality. Hence the added advantage of the low costs is that the expenses incurred in organisation of promotions for sales could be cut down to a full-grown extent. Moreover the predictability of sales also increases. The company firmly believes in the arrangement of cross docking history system and hence has invested a lot in the same. The process of cross docking has led the Wal-Mart to attain economies of scale and this has in turn brought about considerab le reductions in the costs that are incurred for sales. In the system followed by Wal-Mart, there is a continuous deliverance of the goods to the stores in a time of maximum two days and at times there are no requirements even to register them. Hence the shelves of Wal-Mart are refilled faster than four times of the existing competition in the market (Thomson, 1998). This is a particular advantage possessed by the company when it comes to competition. The power of buying of Wal-Mart is leveraged by agent of purchasing in multitude quantities and also the company takes care of its own dispersal. Hence every day low prices are guaranteed by the company and hence it has become a one stop shop. Hence at present the company owns stores in a variety of companies like argentina, mexico, brazil, Canada, UK, Korea china and also in Germany (Nelson, 1999). unmarried business strategyThe major reason behind the success of Wal-Mart lies in the fact that the company believes and concentrate s on the strategy of single business. This is the strategy that has been providing the company with success over a power point of over 30 years. In the three decades the company has never believed in the concept of diversification for the sustentation of its growth and also its advantages at the competitive level. Hence the services provided by the company and the low prices offered are the major reasons behinds its success. The concentration on one particular strategy also poses a threat to the company because it is resembling to place all the eggs in one single set (Richter, 1998).Supply chain, distributionThe competitive advantage gained by a company depends on the efficiency existing in the system of operation of the company and also on the degree of efficiency of the supply chain. The chain of stores possess by Wal-Mart is highly successful only due to the ability of the company in the distribution of the merchandise from that of a huge network of distribution centers that are modern and are in turn served by means of truck fleet that is private. Wal-Mart has also been highly efficient in the maintenance of a good position in terms of the instock and also in the filling of the shelves that are in the new stores being established by the company every year. This is evident from the fact that though Wal-Mart has increased its sales by 30 in a time of two years, there was only a 12 percent increase in the inventory value at the cost of replacement in the same period of time (The Bay Area Economic Forum, 2003). Hence the strategy of leverage a chain of supply for the purpose of restricting of the growth of the inventory continued to be followed by the company and during the first quarters resulted in a 14 percent increase of the inventories and a subsequent 3 percent increase in the inventories. Wal-Mart was also highly efficient and open(a) of investing in distribution capacities that are new and particularly this is trustworthy in case of the solid di ets exchange which is one of the areas responsible for a major portion of the growth shown by the company. The first centre for distribution of food by Wal-Mart located at Clarksville is only 10 years and there are twelve other centers for food distribution which are very new (Economist, 2006).WAL-MART IN INDIAWal-Marts entry into IndiaThe nation of India is very different from the other nations in many ways. Being aware of the historic challenges and changes that take a leak do the nation, the Indian government as well as the private area existing in India have been taking rapid steps for the divulge shaping of the retail sector that is evolving at a rapid pace. Hence the changes taking place in the sector of retail should be considered keenly by the retailing giants. In the structure of the Indian retail transformations are continually being introduced and it is expected that the retail sector would grow towards 635 billion dollars by the end of the year 2015. The growth of t he Indian community deepen by the escalation in the disposable incomes of the people of India is the basis for this boom in the sector of retail. Particularly the retailing of food is experiencing growth by leaps and limit and the Grocery and Food segment contributes to around 60 percent of the whole of the market of India (Franklin 2001).It was in the year 2005 that Wal-Mart began to look for ways to venture into India.. This was attainable due to the decision of the Indian government to relax the regulations pertaining to the opening of exotic direct investment in India. The initial plan of Wal-Mart was the launching of whole sale stores in the landed estate by means of colligation ventures by the year 2008. it also had the initial target of expanding to over 75 nations in time of 7 years. But since the company faced a lot of opposition from the Indian side, they had to hold up their plans. However in the year 2008, there were three stores opened by Bharti retail in the decl ared of Punjab under the name of Easy days. Sunil Mittal from Bharti also mentioned that the local markets would be the source of over 90 percent of the goods and this combined operation would also lead to Wal-Mart increase its sourcing at the global level from the nation of India. The aim of the joint venture amid Bharti and Wal-Mart is that Bharti would supply Wal-Mart with the products it buys directly from that of the agriculturists, artisans and craftsmen (Goetz and Swaminathan, 2006).The challenges facing Walmart in IndiaIndia was rated as one of the top international investment destination in 2005 amongst 30 other emerging markets that were short-listed for mass merchant and food retailers who wished to internationalize (Business Credit, 2006). Compared to other countries, India is seen as a rapidly accelerating economy whose gross domestic product (GDP) is rising at an average annual rate of about 7.5 percent continuously for the past three years (Choi, 2006 Economist, 2006 ) while its retail market has witnessed a growth of 10 percent on average (Business Credit, 2006). It is state that the Indian retail market with a projection of $250 billion annually, is rattling the worlds eighth largest market and it is expected that this will reflect a growth of more than 7% yearly (Dutt, 2005). These factors reflect that it is the strong economic conditions of the country that draw the attention of companies such as Wal-Mart who are interested in starting operations in the Indian retail market.Despite deregulations which have seen the rapid rise of the Indian economy, the retail economy is protected from hostile competition as rules disallow direct foreign investment in this sector. The multi-brand retailers cannot invest directly in the country and are not even allowed to open and operate their own stores (Kravilanz, 2006). This rule has forced Wal-Mart to enter into a partnership venture with Bharti Enterprises, which in turn is an Indian business conclav e that is a leader in countrys telecom sector. This joint venture between Wal-Mart and Bharti has resulted in them managing the supply chain together while it is Bharti Enterprises that will act as franchisees to conduct the retail operations (Lakshman, 2006 Mukherjee, 2006). This particular model in India that has been selected by Wal-Mart will throw open likely challenges pertaining to ownership as well as internalization dimensions of the model. This particular model is not the way Wal-Mart operates in other countries such as Germany and South Korea. Thus the company needs to take care that the definition of the model is in tandem with the partnership entered into with Bharti as well as the strengths that are associated with Wal-Marts classic operating model. There have been cases wherein partnerships have failed. This would require Wal-Mart not only to manage its joint -venture closely but simultaneously work patiently with Bharti. Wal-Mart also needs to protect well the huge a mount of supply chain and information technology intellectual property that it has introduced in the joint venture. As far as India is concerned this is a big challenge and there is a requirement on part of Wal-Mart to comprehend in distributor point managing the relation in this context at least.As far as the location is concerned, the size of market undoubtedly makes India an attractive destination which hitherto is limited by many facets that need to be managed in order to ensure success. The present population of India is more than a billion. Despite having a large population that is relatively poor, the strength of Indias middle class population is around 300,000,000 people, which makes the number much larger in comparison to the total US population (Choi, 2006 Economist, 2006). This will prove advantageous to Wal-Mart as it has a large potential to which it usually caters to.The Indian market may be large but is typically characterized by intricate variety and difference. Th e complexity is clearly visible by differences that exist in religion, language, dialect, value system, food habit, economic buying power, clothing selection, fabric, tradition, and access to transportation. Indeed markets in India contain of several sub-markets. The main factor will be how successful Wal-Mart is in segmenting the market as per different facets. The ability of Wal-Mart to build merchandise that is local and its ability to locate and supply approximately 75,000 products that are usually sold in a typical supercenter will be put to seek (Dutt, 2005). The standards of Indian shoppers are difficult to meet as the Indian middle class customer is usually a value-conscious shopper. This is clearly reflected in the Indian customers mindset of expecting products that meet global standards albeit at process those are Indian.

Liver Disease: Causes, Symptoms, Effects and Treatments

colored malady Causes, Symptoms, Effects and TreatmentsCHAPTER 11.0 INTRODUCTION coloured is the organ which is most important, and it plays a pivotal role in ordinance various processes in the body, such as retentiveness, metabolism and secretion. It has great competency to detoxify toxic substances to nontoxic substances and synthesize useful principles (Shanmugasundaram et al 2006).1.1 manakin of the colored-colored-coloredThe colorful-colored is a triangular organ that extends across the broad(a) abdominal pit inferior to diaphragm. Most of the livers plentitude is located on right side of body, where it descends inferiorly toward right kidney. The liver is madeup of real soft, pinkishbrown tissues encapsulated by connective tissue capsule. The capsule is covered and reinforced by the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity which protects liver and holds it in the place within abdomen.liver-colored consists of four distinct lobes first the left lobe, second the right l obe, ternary caudate nucleus lobe, and last quad drift lobe. The left and right lobes be the oversize lobes and argon separated by the falci convention ligament. The right lobe is about five dollar bill to six times larger than tapered left lobe. The small caudate lobe extends from posterior side of the right lobe and it wraps rough the inferior vena cava. minuscular quadrate lobe is inferior to the caudate lobe and it extends from the posterior side of the right lobe and it wraps around the gallbladder.Figure-1 Structure of liver.Functions of liverProduction of impudence that required for the digestion of foods.Storage of peculiar(a) sugar or glucose into stored glycogen in liver cells of the body and so converts it back into glucose when the the body needs it for energy.Production of clotting factors.Production of amino group acids that is building blocks for making proteins, that includes those used to help fight infection.The production and storage of iron which is ne cessary for production of red affinity cells in the body.Manufacturing of cholesterin and other chemical substances that is required for fat transport.Conversion of waste products of the metabolism into urea that is excreted in peeing.Metabolising medicines into their active form (ingre snap offnt) in the body.1.2 liver infirmitysLiver complaint is any disturbance in functions of the liver that cause illness. The liver is responsible for various critical functions in the body and when it blend ins injured or disorderd, liberation of those functions can cause significant violate to body. Liver diseases ar also referred as hepatic disease.1.3 Types of liver diseases downpour liver diseasePrimary liver genus CancercirrhosisCysts greasy liver diseaseLiver fibrosisHepatitis spininessPrimary sclerosing cholangitis1.3.1 Alcoholic Liver DiseaseIn 2000, cirrhosis was 1 of the leading causes of death in U.S.A. (United States). Alcoholic liver disease usually develops after large am ount of alcohol intake. The unyielding period during which alcohol excessively consumed, larger the amount ingested, high the rate of developing alcoholic liver disease and other liver problems.Signs and Symptoms amazementExcessive fluid between the membranes lining abdomen and abdominal organsTenderness and abdominal painDry mouthFever tire outJaundice pack gain nausea expiry of appetite abnormal dark or light skinAgitationAltered direct of consciousnessBreast breeding in malesDifficulty concentratingHallucinationsImpaired popular opinionPalenessRedness on feet or give1.3.2 Primary Liver CancerPrimary cancer of the liver which is a growing liver problem called primary liver cancer, it generally remains undetected until when this disease has reached the advanced stage because most people do not exhibit these symptoms early on.Signs and SymptomsJaundice that is yellow discoloration of skin. group AB pain (the velocity right part of the abdomen) pompousness of abdomenAn enlarge d liver frighten offGeneral weakness passing play of appetiteNausea vomitingWeight loss1.3.3 Liver CirrhosisLiver cirrhosis is generally considered to the 4th stage of the alcoholic liver disease, it is progressive condition which causes liver damage. degenerative alcoholism is the most familiar cause of this disease. 40% of the 27000 people die from this disease. Cirrhosis is characterized by the replacement of normal healthy tissue by fibrous tissue, regenerative nodules and stonering of the liver that is liver scarring. The resulting hardening of the liver, hard liver interferes with the blood circulation in the body, it leads to irreversible damage to the liver and a completely loss of liver function.Signs and Symptomstype AB accumulation of fluid in abdominal cavityAbnormal painBleeding from scarf out veins in esophagus shameful cola-colored urineExhaustionGallstone jadeDiabetes type 2whiny hands and feetLoss of appetiteCancer of liverLiver misfortuneNausea and vomitting Malfunctioning of other systems such as impotence, kidney dysfunction and failure, and osteoporosis high blood pressureSensitivity to medicationsSpider-like small blood vessels under the skinSwelling of feet and hands from retained fluidHepatic encephalopathyWeight lossimpuissancejaundiceLiver cystsLiver cyst also known as hepatic cyst, a simple liver cyst is a cardcastle (thin walled bubble), a fluid filled cavity in liver. A common liver problem, liver cyst can normal benign and limit no health chances. moreover in around cases, liver cyst may grow large enough to cause pain and self-consciousness in the abdomen, liver enlargement, infection of bile ducts, and bile ducts obstruction, that leads the cyst itself to endure infected. In this case, it is necessary to drain and remove the cyst.Fatty Liver DiseaseFatty Liver Diseases (steatosis) are generally considered to the first stage of Alcoholic Liver Disease. The exact causes of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) a re unclear. Many researchers, however, believe that the metabolic syndromea cluster of disorders that increase risk of diabetes, heart disease, and strokeplays a crucial role in development of NAFLD.NAFLD Levels of SeveritySimple fatty liver (steatosis).NASH (Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis), it is the inflammation and signs of necrosis.Cirrhosis is characterized by scarring of liver, results in a hard liver which is un-able to function proper. so Cirrhosis can be fatal.Signs and SymptomsBleeding in esophagus from engorged veinsFatigueFluid in the abdominal cavityItching of feet and hands, and eventually finished bodyLoss of appetiteLiver failureLack of enliven in sexMentally confusion, such as forgetfulness and trouble concentratingNausea and vomittingSmall red spider veins under skinSwelling of feet and legs from retained fluidWeight lossWeaknessCola-colored urineJaundice1.3.6 Liver FibrosisLiver fibrosis is generally considered to the third stage of Alcoholic Liver Disease, liver fibrosis is a liver condition which is very progressive. Liver fibrosis is characterised by the arrangement of the fibrous tissue, regenerative nodules and scarring of liver, which interfere circulation of blood and lead to loss of functions of liver. caused by chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C, cirrhosis is a disease which is degenerative disease of liver.Signs and SymptomsAbdominal accumulation of fluids in abdomenAbnormal painBleeding from engorged veins in intestines or oesophagusDark cola coloured urineEasy bruisingExhaustionFatigueItchy feet and handsLoss of appetiteLack of interest in sexNausea and vomittingSwelling of feet and legs by retained fluid (edema)Enlargement of the liverWeaknessLoss of weightJaundice1.3.7 HepatitisHepatitis is gastroenterological disease, means inflammation of liver. Hepatitis is not 1, but legion(predicate) diseases hepatitis A to E in which inflammation of liver occurs and its cells are change and then inflammatory chemicals are released and being produced in the liver. in some cases hepatitis B infection increases individuals chance to development of liver cancer by 100 times.Signs and Symptoms of HepatitisDiarrheaDark urineAbdominal painEnlarged liverFeverFatigueGeneral achinessJaundice1.3.8 Primary Sclerosing CholangitisCholangitis is inflammation of bile ducts of liver. Sclerosing is inflammation leads to the excessive makeup of scar and fibrous tissue. In primary sclerosing cholangitis PSC, the bile ducts of the liver have become inflamed and scarred.1.3.9 JaundiceIt is not directly the disease of liver but rather symptom that can occur as result of conformation of diseases. Jaundice appears a yellow discoloration of skin and white of the eyeball caused by the abnormal formation of bilirubin in the blood. Orange lily-livered pigment bilirubin, bilirubin is the part of bile, it forms in the liver as a byproduct of old cells of blood. When at that place are many blood cells (RBC) demise for liver to cope with yellowish pigment forms in the body resulting in jaundice, it is visible sign of liver problems.Jaundice is an indicator that a person is suffering from 1 of a many diseases including,Paracetamol toxicityAlcoholic liver diseasesAutoimmune hepatitisAn abnormal narrowing of the bile ductBlocked bile ducts caused by stones, infection, and tumorsChronic hepatitisDrug induced cholestasis, bile pools in the gallbladder as a result of certain drugsDrug induced hepatitisFatty liver diseaseHemolytic anemiaIntra-hepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, bile pools in the gallbladder because of the pressure in the abdomen during pregnancy.Ischemic hepatocellular jaundicepancreatic cancerPrimary biliary cirrhosisPrimary liver cancerViral hepatitisMalariaCauses of liver diseaseViral hepatitisObesityAlcohol geneticsAutoimmune disordersDrugsToxinsCancerTable-1 Types of hepatobiliary injury or damage1.5 chemical mechanism of hepatotoxicityDistruption of cytoskeleton phalloidin and microcystin disrupts t he fairness of hepatocyte cytoskeleton by affecting proteins that are vital to its dynamic nature. (Phillips et al, 1986)Cholastasis Bile formation is vulnerable to toxicant effects on the functional integrity of sinusoidal transporters, canalicular exporters, cytoskeleton dependent processes for transcytosis, and the contractile closure of the canalicular lumen.changes that weaken the junctions that form the structural barrier between the blood and the canalicular lumen yield solutes to leak out of the canalicular lumen. An immunosuppressive drug frequently account to cause elevated level of serum bile salts and bilirubin as well as a reduction in bile flow.Mitochondrial damage Preferential injury to mitochondrial DNA, as opposed to nuclear DNA, is a believable mechanistic basis for structural and functional alterations to hepatic mitochondria associated with nucleoside analog therapy for hepatitis B and AIDS infections and with alcohol abuse.1.6 Hepatotoxic agentsAbacavirAceta minophenAcitretinAlcoholAldesleukinAmiodaroneAmsacrineanabolic steroidsAndrogensAsparaginaseBexaroteneCarbamazepineCarmustineCytarabineDantroleneDapsoneDaunorubicinDisulfiramDivalproexEpirubicinErythromycinsEstrogensEthionamideEtretinateFelbamateFluconazoleFlutamideGold compoundsHalothaneHMG-CoA reductase inhibitorsImatinibIron (overdose)IsoniazidItraconazoleKetoconazole labetalolMercaptopurineMethimazoleMethotrexateMethyldopaMetronidazoleNaltrexoneNevirapineNiacinNilutamideNitrofuransPemolinePhenothiazines diphenylhydantoinPlicamycinPropylthiouracilRifampinRosiglitazoneSulfamethoxazoleSulfonamidesTacrineTenofovirTizanidineTolcaponeToremifeneTretinoinTroleandomycinValproic acidVitamin AZidovudineLamivudine1.7 Mechanisms of liver injury by some hepatotoxic substances1.7.1 Mechanism of liver injury by CCl4CCl4 converts into CCl3 and CCl3OO free radicals in the presence of enzyme CYP2E1, these free radicals then trigger the inflammatory and profibrogenic mediators, inflammatory mediat ors cause lipid peroxidation and profibrogenic mediators cause liver fibrosis which are responsible for the liver injury. CCl4 also acstivates Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2), Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 these expressions also activate profibrogenic mediators which cause liver fibrosis.Fig-2 Mechanism of liver injury by CCl41.7.2 Mechanism of liver injury by acetaminophenIn therapeutic dose acetaminophen metabolises by glucuronyl transferases and sulfotransferases to enduring metabolites which excreted throughout the body but in over dose acetaminophen metabolises by CYP2E1,CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 to toxic metabolite NAPQI(N-acetyl parabenzo quinine immine). this toxic metabolite covalently binds with the hepatocyte and causes damage to hepatocyte.After binding of NAPQI to hepatocyte there are two possibility, first is stimulation of CD44 receptor expression on T cell which recovers hepatocyte and second is the reduced expression of CD44 receptor on T cell causes hepatocyte apoptosis which is fatal condition to liver.Fig-3 (a)Liver injury by acetaminophen (b) Hepatocyte recovery and apoptosis process.1.7.3 Mechanism of liver injury by alcoholFig-4 Pathways through which alcohol (ethanol) can contribute to apoptosis.1.8 HepatoprotectionHepatoprotection is the ability to thwart damage to the liver.One medicine of hepatoprotection is silymarin, derived from Milk Thistle which selectively inhibits formation of leukotrienes by Kupffer cells.1.8.1 List of Herbs have potentially hepatoprotective constituents (Jia et al, 2011)Almond oilGanoderma lucidumgenus Glycyrrhiza glabragenus Arctium lappaHalenia ellipticaAstragalus membranaceusMurraya koenigiiNymphaea stellataOcimum sanctumPaeonia lactifloraPergularia daemiaPicrorhiza kurrooaPhyllanthus amarus graphite zeylanicagenus Silybum marianumScoparia dulcisSalvia miltiorrhizaAmomum xanthoidesAstragalus membranaceusCichorium intybusCurcuma l ongaCajanus indicus,Centella asiaticaCoccinia indicaBrassica,EcliptaFlickingeria fimbriataFlickingeria fimbriataGanoderma lucidumGlycyrrhiza glabraHalenia ellipticaMurraya koenigiiNymphaea stellataOcimum sanctumPaeonia lactifloraPergularia daemiaPicrorhiza kurrooaPhyllanthus amarusPlumbago zeylanicaSilybum marianumScoparia dulcisSalvia miltiorrhizaScutellaria baicalensisSchisandra chinensisTable2 Plant tested in animal models for their hepatoprotective body process and found to be active.SBS PGI Balawala, DehradunPage 1

Essays --

To induct its brand personally relevant, surprising, and easy to process, downstairs Armour initially positioned itself as a brand for the next generation of athletes. Instead of sponsoring established athletes, below Armour chose to sponsor up-and-coming athletes to show off their proceeds. In premier(prenominal) endorsement was a deal with a Dallas Cowboys football player who had been at University of Marland with on a lower floor Armours founder. Furthermore, the companys performance do had been spotted on endorsers such as Heather Mitts (soccer), Cam Newtown (football), and Derrick Williams (basketball). As Under Armours sponsored athletes did well, and their teams won games and even championships, its brand started to gain financial aid and visibility. Under Armour gains mass recognition and attract young and unspoilt athletes. The brand got exposure although not every rising star became a sports legend. Under Armour continued to make their returns relevant by elapse upgrading and using technology to let its customers with the best sports gear. Moreover, they took advantage of social media by staying connected with customer and offering the important information about their products. This was how Under Armour did to gain attention from onlookers and made its brand personally relevant. It started from a little-known brand refer to be able to afford some high-profile deals. Its surprising since they started out as small company becoming an constancy dominated by corporate giants such as Nike and were able to make grow and became a serious industry competitor. It made onlookers of sports believing its brand name and quality. Under Armour had a strong brand vision and product was easy to process because they made a clear teaching that they treasured to better all a... ...purchase a top of the line product. The guarantee of the product is also clearly seen on the website because Under Armour wants its customers to feel same(p) they matter and if they are not satisfied with the product then they ordain be repletey refunded. This also shows that Under Armour is very overconfident in their product and truly cares about their customers. Under Armour wants potential drop customers to read their guarantee because a customer that is having a hard cartridge holder making a decision of whether or not to purchase a product will see that they can have a full refund if they are dissatisfied. This provides the customer with a low risk, high reciprocate situation and may influence their decision. Products that are continuously updated through expert advancements, has a strong brand name, and a strong mission statement and guarantee creates trust and loyalty with customers.

The Changing Personality of Kurtz in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness

nucleus of unfairness - The ever-changing record of Kurtz Kurtzs character is fully facet (in Conrads Heart of Darkness), not because of his unoriginal slog of antagonist, alone for his roll in a historical fictionalization as a character with important roll in family, influenced by those obstruct to him. Kurtz makes some key cultivatements in the way he interacts with others, in big(a) part due to the words and actions of society and Kurtzs acquaintances. Heart of Darkness is a novel based on europiuman imperialism in the belatedly nineteenth-early 20th century. During the turn of the century in 1900, the more significant countries in Europe (i.e. England, France, Germany, et al.) had gotten to a point where expansion within Europe was no longer foreseeable, so for financial, political, and egotistical reasons, these countries looked south to their neighbor Africa, the black continent. God-forsaken wilderness. Marlow says of Africa. ( summon 73) good d eal routes were found and the home countries found reliable executive willing to prompt and develop relations in the country. In Conrads novel, Kurtz was this man. He started out with a distinguished goal, i.e. to modernize Africa, but suffered the effects of a deadly disease, greed. It was judicious without hardihood, greedy without audacity, and cruel without courage. Said Marlow (of what Kurtz and the ivory company had done to Africa.) (Page 102.) Kurtzs characteristics atomic number 18 outflank seen through his work as an Ivory trader in the soil known as Congo. He got this position after cosmos dubbed as a genius, partly because he worked as an orator, poet, writer, musician, politician, and artist in appendix to the ivory business. Many would take this ... ...ributed to Kurtz loosing track of his life emotionally, and after physically. Kurtz love her, and his heart went cold as she was separated from his life. This can be seen in the story at the concl usion in a converse betwixt the intended and Marlow, where she asks Marlow what Kurtzs final words were. Marlow lies, not because of his friendship with Kurtz, but because he recognizes the importance of him to her (and visa versa.) The change of Kurtzs personality is not completely because he is the antagonist, but because he is so self-conscious of his appearance that he allows society to overwhelm his character. Work Cited Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. 17th ed. New York Norton, 1988. Notes 1. Conrad, Joseph. Heart of darkness. Page 73 2. Ibid. Page 102 3. Ibid. 107 4. Ibid.138 The Changing genius of Kurtz in Joseph Conrads Heart of DarknessHeart of Darkness - The Changing Personality of Kurtz Kurtzs character is fully facet (in Conrads Heart of Darkness), not because of his conventional roll of antagonist, but for his roll in a historical fiction as a character with important roll in society, influenced by those close to him. Kurtz makes some key developments in the way he interacts with others, in large part due to the words and actions of society and Kurtzs acquaintances. Heart of Darkness is a novel based on European imperialism in the late nineteenth-early twentieth century. During the turn of the century in 1900, the more significant countries in Europe (i.e. England, France, Germany, et al.) had gotten to a point where expansion within Europe was no longer foreseeable, so for financial, political, and egotistical reasons, these countries looked south to their neighbor Africa, the black continent. God-forsaken wilderness. Marlow says of Africa. (Page 73) Trade routes were established and the home countries found reliable executive willing to travel and develop relations in the country. In Conrads novel, Kurtz was this man. He started out with a noble goal, i.e. to modernize Africa, but suffered the effects of a deadly disease, greed. It was reckless without hardihood, gr eedy without audacity, and cruel without courage. Said Marlow (of what Kurtz and the ivory company had done to Africa.) (Page 102.) Kurtzs characteristics are best seen through his work as an Ivory trader in the territory known as Congo. He got this position after being dubbed as a genius, partly because he worked as an orator, poet, writer, musician, politician, and artist in addition to the ivory business. Many would take this ... ...ributed to Kurtz loosing track of his life emotionally, and later physically. Kurtz loved her, and his heart went cold as she was separated from his life. This can be seen in the story at the conclusion in a dialogue between the intended and Marlow, where she asks Marlow what Kurtzs final words were. Marlow lies, not because of his friendship with Kurtz, but because he recognizes the importance of him to her (and visa versa.) The change of Kurtzs personality is not solely because he is the antagonist, but because he is so self-conscio us of his appearance that he allows society to overwhelm his character. Work Cited Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. 17th ed. New York Norton, 1988. Notes 1. Conrad, Joseph. Heart of darkness. Page 73 2. Ibid. Page 102 3. Ibid. 107 4. Ibid.138

Casino operations :: essays research papers

PricingThe Lakeside Casino Resort deals a mint with selling items as well as experiences. Every aspect of hurry the gambling gambling casino as well as all the different trading operations that keep the casino running has to be tolld right and reasonable, from diddleing the casino jeopardizes to ordering the food for the Wheelhouse Buffet.Casino Floor Every game on the casino floor has to be purchased from a dealer. A act upon table alone costs between $1,500 to $4,000 dollars, and on the floor thither are 8 tables. Other games such as Three computer menu Poker and Let it Ride cost around $2,000 and the considerable tables such as roulette and craps cost $5,000 with the casino having 2 of each. either in total, the casino floor tables cost the casino $24,000. An investment that we trust would help in our pricing for the casino floor would be reversible table covers, where a game cease be changed to fit the popularity of the gamblers. This would push down the costs of the casino tables by a significant margin. Another big item on the casino floor is the slot machines. These are a huge revenue maker each slot machine entrust bring in hundreds of dollars. A slot machine cost grazes from $1,000 to $3,000 and the casino floor has hundreds or slot machines spread around the casino in strategic locations. The slots machines vary in price from$10, $5, $2, $1, 25 cents 5 cents to 1 cent.BarLocated in the casino is a bar. This bar can generate good revenue for the whole operation if the pricing is right. Drinks range from beer and wine to whiskey and vodka. Drink prices vary from $1.50 to $5 depending on the aggregate of alcohol content.How to Make the MoneyThe pricing of the casino has to be rattling(a) in different levels for the costumers. Each gaming table has different prices to play and to have payback. The object is to get more people on the luxuriously price tables to if they lose you get more silver. The demand for the high price tables is less then the lower priced gaming options, but more money is generated from the higher gaming options because more money is played with.Pricing for other operations are obtained accordingly to the demand for each product or service. The Wheelhouse Buffet is open for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Each meal is set at a different price

Causes of Child Abuse :: Abuse Violence Children Essays

There argon many causes on the various types of tiddler debauch. Child abuse is when forcefulness and cruelty occur against chelaren. Eight sh ar of all children mistreated are emotionally maltreated. Sixteen percent are sexually abused. Twenty-seven percent are naturally abused. Fifty-five percent of all children abused are neglected (Child tread 116).There are many types of abuse. paternal neglect or nutritional deprivation is the most ballpark proficiency of abusing a child (Child ill-usage 116). An example of this would be when a child is irregularly fed or kept in modify clothes for a long period of time (Child Abuse 222). The second most common way of abusing a child is physical abuse (Child Abuse 116). Physical abuse is when a child is slapped, hit, kicked, shoved, or has objects thrown at them (Child Abuse 222). Another common way of abusing a child is sexual abuse (Child Abuse 116). Fondling, masturbation, intercourse, and pornography are a few of the things that are done to a child when they are abused sexually (Child Abuse 222). The goal way to abuse a child is through emotional abuse (Child Abuse 116). When the abuser humiliates the child, reprimands them, or other acts that are carried let on over time (Child Abuse 222).Certain situations increase the venture of child abuse. These problems cause stress and tension which is sometimes expressed in neglect or violence toward a child. Many adults that abuse their children were abused as kids themselves. The parents are immature, unstable, lonely, and feel unloved (Child Abuse 222). They buy up what was done to them uncontrollably in violent outbursts. The abusive parents are unsuspecting of any other way of acting. They may think that beating a child is normal. Sometimes the parents might also think that their children deserve to be abused, just as they deserved it when they were younger ( Child Abuse argue Viewpoints 108). This is one of the many causes of child abuse.Drug addiction a lso increases the chances of child abuse. The addiction to drugs makes parents less responsible. It also makes them more violent toward their children both physically and emotionally. All drug addicted parents attention is focused towards the drugs and as a result of that they pay less attention to their kids (Child Abuse 85-90). meagreness is also a cause of child abuse. The parents cant dole out with the stress of poverty, which leaves the children to bear the brut of their parents frustration.

William Faulkner, the Ambitious Writer :: Biography Biographies Essays

William Faulkner, the Ambitious WriterFrom early as the slave days in the southern states, males have shown an ambitious pr one(a)ness not only to let on a living for them but in like manner to gain their riches from the hardwork of others. For thousands of years southern males dominated over individuals who they deemed were animals husking them of all their human rights to provide themselves with a better life. This ambitious rely to provide shelter, food, and clothing for their family and themselves led to the ultimate destruction of another race. tour viewing the film Faulkner I saw Faulkner ambitious nature prominently in his career goal. After struggling like numerous Americans to make a living and support himself Faulkner tries unsuccessfully at first to bewilder a well renowned generator. Although Faulkner dream to become a writer took many years to become finalized he remained determined to succeed. For example, as a beginner writer Faulkner discovered that he lack ed a particular opus style that would set his literature apart from his other colleagues. So he began studying all types of literature written by other authors to discover his own voice. Another way in which Faulkner tried to discover untapped literary ideas was to observe the e preciseday actions of others and notice within their interactions with others a bill line that could possibly capture the attention of readers. After writing for many years Faulkner tried to seek the publication of his very first new(a) Sanctuary. The novel Sanctuary proved not to be very interesting to publishers who read the novel since it mainly reflected the ideas and writing styles of prominently historied authors whose works of literature were widely read throughout the world. But Faulkner neer gave up as he continued to write and receive rejection letter by publishers. Although rejection seemed to be the fuel that pushed Faulkner to not only give up on his dream but to become more creative and f ocussing on the background information he was familiar with. Shortly subsequently Faulkner did succeed in getting his literature published he reunited with his one and only true love and married her. Upon marrying Faulkner came to the realization that he lacked the fiscal income to support his family and his desire for his literature to be published increased tenfold. In his efforts to become a more recognized and well-known writer much(prenominal) as Hemmingway Faulkner began to travel to other countries.

Dell Computers :: essays research papers

At age 13, Michael Dell was raceway a mail-order stamp-trading business, complete with a national catalog, and grossing $2,000 per month. At 16, he was marketing subscriptions to the Houston Post. He enrolled at the University of Texas in 1983 as a premed student and soon became absorbed in computers and started shifting PC parts verboten of his college dorm room. He bought random-access memory (RAM) chips and disk drives for IBM PCs at cost from IBM dealers, who a good deal had excess supplies on hand because they were required to order large periodical quotas from IBM. Dell resold the components through newspaper ads at 10-15 percent below the even retail price.By April 1984 sales were running ab appear $80,000 per month. Dell dropped out of college and formed a company, PCs Ltd., to sell both PC components and PCs under the blot name PCs Limited. He obtained his PCs by buying retailers surplus stocks at cost, wherefore powering them up with graphics cards, hard disks, and memory before reselling them. His strategy was to sell directly to end users by eliminating the retail markup, Dells new company was subject to sell IBM clones at about 40 percent below the price of an IBM PC. The price discounting strategy was successful, attracting price-conscious buyers and producing rapid growth. By 1985, the company was assembling its proclaim PC designs with a few people. The company had 40 employees, and Michael Dell worked 18-hour days. By the end of fiscal 1986, sales had reached $33 one million million million.During the next several years, however, PCs Ltd. was hampered by a lack of money, people, and resources. Michael Dell sought to refine the companys business model, render needed production capacity, and build a bigger, deeper management staff and bodily infrastructure while at the same time keeping be low. The company was renamed Dell Computer in 1987, and the first international offices were capable that same year. In 1988 Dell added a sa les force to coif large customers, began selling to government agencies, and became a public companyXraising $34.2 million in its first offering of common stock. Sales to large customers chop-chop became the main part of Dells business. By 1990 Dell Computer had sales of $388 million, a market share of 2-3 percent, and an R&D staff of over cl people. Michael Dells vision was for Dell Computer to become one of the top third PC companies.

From Lullus to Cognitive Semantics: The Evolution of a Theory of Semantic Fields :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays

From Lullus to Cognitive Semantics The Evolution of a Theory of Semantic FieldsABSTRACT The domain of cognitive semantics-insofar as it deals with semantic neighborhood and semantic field-is discussed from a historical perspective. I remove four distinct stages in the exploitation in philosophy of quarrel Raymundus Lullus and his Ars Magna (14th century) Giodano Bruno and his artificial memory system (16th century) Charles Sanders Peirce and his diagrammatic logic (19th century) and, Kurt Lewin and his topological psychology (20th century). Their proposals put up steps toward a kind of space-oriented model of semantic neighborhood and semantic fields. Linguistic developments since 1920 (field linguistics) and more recently in cognitive semantics are compared to the evolution in the frame of philosophy as put forth above. The outlet is that we criticize cognitive semantics insofar as the field does not hypothesize the philosophical work dvirtuoso since Raymundus Lullus, which is highly relevant for contemporary cognitive science. IntroductionAlthough field-semantics was only created at the beginning of the 20th century, some of its major features have precursors dating back to antiquity. Two disciplines have contributed to it logic on the one hand and models of the world / cosmology on the other hand. My particular proposition concern will be the rise of a space-orientated concept of a semantic field because, as the word field indicates, the ideas of dimensionality (one two- or multi-dimensionality) lies at the heart of the image-schema field in its theoretical use.1 The circular fields of LlullThe first systematic spatial organization of lexical items (their concepts) was put fore by Raymundus Lullus (Ramn Llull 1232-1314). All conceptual systems of his Ars Magna are arranged in a one-dimensional order with (norm everyy) golf-club segments. Since the extremes of this belt are joined, we have a circular field. Every concept has two neighbours, and by a dding specific figures (triangles, squares, etc.) one can join three, four, etc. concepts to create a sub-network. The concepts of an area of experience may be organized into a set of such nine-tuple fields. On top of all the more specific conceptual fields (arrays of nine concepts), stands a universal field, which contains those qualities of God that are at the origin of all further entities and their concepts. The semantic system has an ontological and metaphysical foundation in the tradition of Aristotelian and medieval logic.The idea that concepts/words form linear arrays, that the extremes may be glued together, and that a hierarchy of such arrays exists, is a first realization of field-semantics.

Student :: essays research papers

OF MICE AND MENA novel by nates Steinbeck Two Youngs, George e Lennie were going to Soledad to work in a put forward. The dickens mans were friends for a lot of time. Lennie wasnt sane, but he was a hefty guy and a strong thespian George looked after him. They were fleeing from an other farm in Weed, where Lennie caused umpteenth trouble because of the strange manias of Lennie who liked piteous everything around the bend he touched the dress of a girl who thought he wanted to maltreat her.Lennie and George had a dream an own farm where they back end do everything that they want to.In the new farm they knew the other worker and the con of the owner, Curley, a typical picker of quarrels he was neurotic for his height and Lennie was high. Soon they knew his married woman too who, unhappy for her marriage, wandered around the farm to accost with someone on the sly and for her habit she didnt have a good reputation.Candy, a worker of the farm, knew the projects of the two Youngs and he asked them if he had been subject to join them because he had some money for the indemnity of an incident on work. George, Candy and Lennie made a pact and they foresaw that by a calendar month they would have had their farm.Lennie liked touching the soft things and he spent a lot of time stroking some little dogs. A day, when he was in the stable where there were the dogs, while other people were vie in a different part of the farm, came into the room Curleys wife who didnt know Lennies character. Lennie told her about his pleasure in touching soft things and her let him to caress her disclose. The man was seizing her by hear brutally. She was howling. He shook her accidentally, he broke her neck and she died.

Purpose of the Monetary and Fiscal Policies in America :: Economy

Purpose of the Monetary and Fiscal Policies in the States The Monetary and Fiscal Policies, although controlled by two different organizations, are the shipway that our economy is kept under control. Both policies have their strengths and weaknesses, some situations favoring usance of both policies, but most of the time, only one is necessary. The monetary constitution is the act of regulating the money supply by the feederal take for Board of Governors, currently headed by Alan Greenspan. One of the main responsibilities of the Federal view as System is to regulate the money supply so as to forestall production, prices, and employment stable. The Fed has three tools tomanipulate the money supply. They are the prevail requirement, openmarket trading operations, and the discount rate. The most powerful tool purchasable is the reserve requirement. The r eserve requirement is the percentage of money that the bank is non allowed to loan out. If it is lowered, banks are required tokeep less money, and so more than money is put out into circulation (theoretically). If it is raised, then banks may have to take in on some loans to meet the new reserve requirement. The tool cognize as open market operations influences money and credit operations by buying and staging of government securities on the open market. This is apply to control overall money supply. Ifthe Fed believes there is not exuberant money in circulation, thenthey will buy the securities from member banks. If the Fed believesthere is too much money in the economy, they will sell the

Influential Essay :: essays papers

Influential Essay A split of people take their drivers license for granted, and believe me I use to take it for granted too. But ever since I lose my license, I will never take it for granted again. There atomic number 18 many ways to lose your license, still this is the way I illogical mine. After I got done listening to music at the design Caf, my friends and I went give away to eat. When we were done eating, I told them I was loss to mental capacity cover version home. They told me that they were vent to stay in town for awhile. So, when I was well-nigh three quarters of the way home, all of the sudden a simple machine just passed me. I noticed the car right away, it was my friends that said they were qualifying to stay in town for awhile. So I caught up to them and we were going about 55 miles per hour in a 35 miles per hour speed up get. When my friends approached another(prenominal) car they passed him so I did the same. Now we were going about 65 mph i n a 45 mph speed limit. My friends kept accelerating so I thought to myself, How am I going to get pulled over if I am following another car? After our speed finally settled at well-nigh 80 mph we were still in the 45 mph speed limit. About four miles later when were still cruising at 80 mph, but now in a 55 mph speed limit I saw red and blue lights in my rearview mirror. So, I pulled over and so did my friends. When the cop approached us he pulled ahead of me, but can my friends. I thought to myself, All right, I got away. So I pulled back out on to the road, but the cop didnt move out of the lane. Then I pulled back onto the shoulder of the road and the cop nest his way in between my friends and myself. We both ended up get a ticket for going 79 mph in a 55 mph speed limit. We both got a ticket for $172.90 and sextuplet points on our license. When I got my second ticker I was dropping take a letter to my priest and I was on my way home.

The Problems of Southern California Essay -- essays research papers

From reading the authors prevail Ecology of Fear, mike Davis main thesis for writing this book was to make readers pay off mindful of the underlying problems and threats which have represented or currently exist in southern California and how these problems shape the way we live today and in the close future as well. Although Davis did not sincerely provide us with any(prenominal) remedies for the problems facing Confederate California, this book made it very(prenominal) clear to the readers that problems do still exist, although at times they may sound subtle in nature. Of the numerous problems which do exist in gray California, I lead talk about only a handful of the problems that Davis provided us insight to. In the following paragraphs, the main problems of Confederate California that I will discuss about atomic number 18 suburbanization and how it made Southern California lose its graphic beauty and the effects of overdevelopment, the wild fires which occur and similarities and differences the rich and poor communities go about in terms of adversity, how suburbanization brought people closer to the wildlife, and how numerous books and movies portrayed Los Angeles as the center for calamities. The culmination of all these problems clearly shows that there are umpteen glaring weaknesses of Southern California that need to be closely examined. unmatchable of the main issues that the book, Ecology of Fear, discussed about were the inherent dangers and problems that suburbanization imposed upon the landscape of Southern California. Although suburbanization in theory and in reality did create abundant benefits to a great mass of people, especially to those who wanted to avoid the daily nuisances of urban city life, its negative consequences were quite grave indeed. Suburbanization led to a achieve eradication to the natural landscape of many areas in California. The books vivid accounts of how the lush, green landscape was bulldozed just to build tracts of homes were a frightful reminder of the beauty that was lost due to suburbanization. In 1958 sociologist William Whyte author of The physical composition Man had a disturbing vision as he was going away Southern California. Flying from Los Angeles to San Bernardino an unnerving lesson in mans unmeasured capacity to mess up his environment the traveler can rede a legion of bulldozers gnawing into the last remaining tract of green amongst the two cities. (Davis, p. 77)... ...larly to Los Angelenos, that disaster could become a reality of Los Angeles if people opening ignoring the warning signs that permeate throughout Southern California.From reading Mike Davis book Ecology of Fear, my personal impression of his argument of making Southern Californians to become aware of the underlying threats and problems which exist today or have existed in the past is a commendable act on his part, but I really feel Davis overanalyzed the problems Southern Californians fac e. Throughout the book, Davis painted a very gloomy picture of Southern California and he never really brought a positive spin on the problems that exist in Southern California and how we can take steps to remedy these problems. Also, Davis should have recognise the fact that problems exist in other parts of the United States as well and they are not just confined to Southern California. The problems of Southern California is not all that different from the rest of the nation, which faces similar disasters that are comparable to earthquakes and wild fires, such as tornadoes, floods, thunderstorms, etc. So, in essence, problems exist in all societies and cultures and that is the reality of life.

Eating Disorders :: Anorexia Nervosa

Most people can hardly feel famish nowadays, and provender has very different meaning depends on people. For some people, fare will be as an act of nurture, food for thought as memory, and felicitousness barely for other people food will be food as guilty, as sin, and ban. In present time, although their weight is normal, women keep assay to lose their weight, because they privation to show cut off. And also long time ago, women did non think about their weight, but in present times women want to lose their weight. Women need to rethink about losing their weight, because when women cook in kitchen it is the most beautiful looks.Most women think about diet 365days, although she is thin and skinny women. This is nowadays women looks. However I can understand the persuasion of present women, because I am a woman. I know food is good, and food always give to happiness and memory, but women could not obliterate their fill, because they do not want to shock next day. It is respon sible for ontogenesis of mass media, if media does not develop then, we do not know standard of women, whether is skinny or not. However, mass media has been developed, we cannot stop the diet. When you see a television, altogether actresses are thin and beautiful. When you buy clothes, thither is more choice of purchase for clothes, when you are thin. That is why women decide to diet, because all of womens wish compose a thin and skinny girl, and buy clothes whatever they want to.Unfortunately, some people get disease which called eat disorder. From the Wikipedia, the definition of eating disorder is a compulsion to eat, or avoid eating, that negatively affects both ones physical and mental health (Wikipedia). Too many people who doing in modeling, get this disease, because a model is wearing the occasions clothes and show the people how look like, so model and designer believe that thin model can show clothes well. wherefore many numbers of designers prefer thin model. How ever, several models were died from low weight. Therefore, the tutelage of modeling said that designer cannot work with low weight of models, but still designers look for skinny model. There is important point as well. One of article shows the data which came from National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Association of Disorders, there are many teenager have disorder.

Comparing Sexuality and Power in Dracula and Buffy the Vampire Slayer E

Comparing Sexuality and Power in Dracula and Buffy the lamia Slayer At first glance, Joss Whedons Buffy the Vampire Slayer, the hour-long TV serial publication which premiered in 1997 and is now in its third season, bears little resemblance to the book which started the lamia craze -- Bram Stokers Dracula, published a century earlier. And yet, looks canister be deceiving. Although the trendy -- and often skimpy -- clothing and bandied about pop- civilisation references of Buffy clearly mark the series as a product of a far different culture than that of the priggish England of Dracula, the underlying tensions of the two texts are far similar than one and only(a) might think. Beneath the surface differences in the treatment of their heroines, the two texts run into in similarly problematic anxieties about gender and sexuality. Unlike otherwise latter-day adaptations of the vampire legend -- much(prenominal) as films like The thirstiness and Anne Rices Interview with a Vampire novels -- which actively shatter accepted tenets of vampirism, such as the danger of sunlight or crosses to vampires, Buffy relies heavily on the guidelines for vampirism establish by Stoker in his novel. In Buffy, as in Dracula, vampires can be killed by direct sunlight and harmed by holy water and crucifixes (Golden 125). When, for instance, Buffys crucifix necklace touches her vampire boyfriend Angels chest, it leaves a burn-mark similar to that left on vampire-defiled Mina Harkers forehead by application of a Holy Wafer in Dracula (Angel Stoker 302). And unlike the sympathetic portrayals of vampires advanced in Rices novels and in the 1960s soap opera Dark Shadows, the vampires shown are non good or even human. They are, in the words of Buffys Watcher Giles behemoth at the c... ...sitive depiction of their sexual relationship. For Mina, however, renunciation of Draculas evil must hold the renunciation of her own physical needs and desires. The roles played by loving more s and conceptions of gender and sexuality are, in the end, more than incidental. Indeed, the difference amongst Victorian England and 1990s America causes the subtle -- but significant -- valuation of the connections between good and evil and women and sexuality in two in many another(prenominal) ways similar texts. Works Cited Golden, Christopher and Nancy Holder. The Watchers Guide. New York Pocket Books, 1998. Leatherdale, Clive. Dracula The impudent and the Legend. East Sussex, England Desert Island Books, 1985. Stoker, Bram. Dracula. New York Signet, 1992. Whedon, Joss, creator and executive producer. Buffy the Vampire Slayer. twentieth Century Fox Television, 1997.

Shiksha Sopan Essay --

Shiksha means Education and Sopan means steps or stairs. Education is the step that leads a person ahead for the social upliftment. This was the image behind starting this organization by four students of IIT Kanpur in 2001. masses who join this course have high aspirations and strive hard to hit their goals to establish themselves in life. But these students thought in a opposite way and wanted to take care of the underprivileged children of the society and devote it a part of their dream. As a part of achieving their goal number 1 they wanted to educate those children who belonged to the servant quarters of the campus. Thats how Shiksha Sopan came into existence. Understanding their overlord thought other students, faculty members and the other employees of IIT Kanpur had joined hands with them. afterwards local young enthusiastic youth also joined this m ission.Its now a registered nongovernmental organization which imparts meaningful education to the under positive sections of the society which are in and around of IIT Kanpur, making the students self confident, strung-out and socially conscious existences. Shiksha Sopan focuses on three objective i.e., Shiksha, Sanskar and Swavlamban.Shiksha means education. It is responsible for(p) for making socially sensitive and responsible citizens. Shiksh Sopan imparts education to students through ripe pedagogic methods. Audio and visual aids, demonstrations, activities, educational tours, lab activities and games relieve oneself a part of this system. Inculcation of right attitudes and values, character building, respect for humanity and bring forth land are being given lot of impo... ...he girl child, booze and gutka usage etc.The basic support for Shiksha Sopan is IIT Kanpur. Donations are also being accepted from organizations and well wishers. Donations can be made in the f orm of cash, cheques and demand drafts drawn in favour of Shiksha Sopan, IIT, Kanpur. The donations are used for schemes homogeneous Community Library Higher Education Cell VNK Merit acquisition Creating e-Resource Pratibha Poshan Yojana Senior Sopan Anaupacharik Shikshan Kendra Evening Learning Centers and Sopan Science Cell.Shiksha Sopans achievements have been horrifying in all these years. It has given an opportunity to the students of Kanpur to serve the downtrodden. This project has turn up that the so called urban elite society is really concerned and bothered about the villages and villagers and really contributes their share efficiently to bring them par with it.

Kaleidoscope Essay -- Descriptive Essays

KaleidoscopeSome are transformed just once / And eff their whole lives after in that shape. / Others have a facility for ever-ever-changing themselves as they please. -OvidIt finds its way into my handsthe small kaleidoscopea trinket my gramps passes along to me after finding it at the bottom of his toolbox unrivalled afternoon. Hold it up to the light, Lauren, he advises me, upon witnessing my attempts to unlock the kaleidoscopes magic by aiming it towards the shadowy pavement. With hands clasped, eyes squinted, and head cocked, I finally dent the colored chips, a glittering lattice of patrician, green, and yellow, stagnantly arranged and defined. Turn it, now, my granddaddy orders, smiling. Suddenly, the clear composition unravels. It becomes a moving color war, triangles and rectangles interacting, skirting near one another to form patterns that linger only fleetingly before changing again. I gasp, intrigued. Thats the beautiful part, my grandfather observes. Its beautiful when its turning.The challenge of cleaning out my desk drawers in preparation for the inspire to New York results in my stumbling across an old coloring book. I finger through the pages, startled by the number of pictures Id odd only partially colored. With quick, shaky movements, it seems as if I had simply jumped from shading one image to the next, as if there were fewthing complete about leave the figures incomplete. Sitting at my desk, fourteen years older, I laugh at my rendition of Big Bird, whose characteristically yellow feathers I had made blue and whose feet (I suppose I had decided) were alto placeher undeserving of color. And yet I get a sense that thi... ... of wholeness, besides the acceptance that Ill always be a work-in-progress that creates the satisfying illusion of completeness.Although ignorant of his own words, my grandfather has gotten it salutary It is beautiful when it s turning. We, as human beings, are not commensurate to ossify what we perceive to be our identicalness it will be ceaselessly changinga kind of surreal, confounding, and complex reflection of our human experience. We receive innumerable facets, like little tubes of color that remain separate until some creative force removes all the caps and mixes them together. It is that mlange that initiates a masterpiece of identitya masterpiece that is ever changing and never quite finished, but fulfilling in its progression. And it is precisely this understanding that makes the next stroke of the brush a little bit clearer, the portrait itself a bit more revealing.